Friends, today in this article we will learn about single phase transformer. I am going to give information about all these in a very good way. So let’s start.
Single Phase Transformer –
This type of transformer has a primary coil and a secondary coil. By giving a single phase electric supply in the primary coil, a single phase electric supply can be obtained in the secondary coil in a reverse or reverse form.
On the basis of structure, single phase transformers are of two types –
(a) Core type
(b) Shell type
(a) Core type transformer – In this, usually L-shaped leaves are installed and the coil almost surrounds the iron core. In this type of transformer, only one magnetic path is formed. The general arrangement of a single phase type transformer is shown in Figure (1).
Usually in single phase core type transformers, the core is assembled in a rectangular form.
(b) Shell type transformer – In this, E shaped cores are usually used. The central limb of the E core is made twice as wide as the side limbs.
On this central limb, the primary and secondary coils are separated from each other and placed or wrapped in a sandwich method. In a shell type transformer, the core surrounds the coil and the core is in the form of English letter 8 as shown in Figure (2). This type of transformer has two magnetic circuits, since in this transformer the core is installed on the coil in the form of a shell, hence it is called a shell type transformer. In this type of transformers, flux loss is less, but this transformer is heavier than a core type transformer.
The transformer has the following main parts –
(i) Core – The core installed in the transformer forms a magnetic path for the flux. Mainly ‘E’, ‘T’, ‘L’ and ‘U’ shaped laminated cores are used in transformers.
(ii) Winding – There are two windings in a transformer. (i) Primary winding and (ii) Secondary winding. Both the windings are made of super enamel copper or aluminium wires. The number of turns in these windings depends on the transformation ratio of the transformer and the cross sectional area of the wire used in the windings and the current carrying capacity of the transformer. The side of the transformer where the supply is provided is called the primary side and the side where the load is applied is called the secondary side.
(iii) Insulation – To insulate the two coils from each other and between the different layers of each coil, a special type of insulated paper is used, such as pressfan paper, ladoride paper, special press board, fiber sheet, varnished paper, kraft paper etc.
(iv) Tank – The part in which the transformer is kept is called the tank. It is made of M.S. sheet. For natural cooling, ventilation ducts are left in the tank for air circulation, while for oil cooling, hollow tubes are made in the outer surface of the tank. Transformer oil is filled in these tanks for cooling.
(v) Terminal box – The terminal ends of the primary and secondary coils are fitted on the terminals of the terminal box, the terminals are usually made of brass and the terminal plate is made of bakelite sheet or any other insulating material. The terminal box is fitted on top of the tank or on one of its sides.
(vi) Other accessories – Apart from the above, some other accessories are also fitted for the proper operation of large power transformers, such as breather, book hole relay, conservator tank, vent pipe and diaphragm, tap changer etc.
What did you learn today:-
Now you must have known what a single phase transformer is. You must have got the answer to all these questions well.
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